There are two log keys on your calculator:
'log' is used for logs with a base of ten; called "common logs"; created to make calculations much easier before there were hand-held calculator.
'ln' is used for logs with a base of e (an irrational number, approximately 2.7182818); called "natural logs"; because they occur naturally when using the base ten system (used exclusively in calculus and problems requiring calculus).
Logs can be any base (integers I think)
eg
y=log381
this means
81=3y
3*3*3*3=81
so
y=4
The calculator only works in base 10 and base e but it is easy to convoret other bases to either of these.