Miyu is giving out $8$ identical chocolates to her $5$ friends, including Dhruv. All possible distributions are equally likely. What is the probability that Dhruv gets at least $6$ chocolates?
Suppose the friends are A, B, C, Dhruv (D), E. Then denote the number of chocolate gotten by each person as xA,xB,⋯,xE.
The problem becomes to count the nonnegative integer solutions of xA+xB+xC+xD+xE=8 with xD≥6.
We make the substitution yA=xA,yB=xB,yC=xC,yD=xD−6,yE=xE. Then the equation becomes yA+yB+yC+yD+yE=2. We will count the nonnegative integer solutions of this equation to get the answer. The answer is (2+5−15−1)=15.