The numbers that you have are: 1, 2, 4, 8, ...
A geometric sequence is one that has a common ratio, a number that can be used to multiply a number to get the next number.
In this case, you have a common ratio of 2; therefore, this is a geometric sequence.
Another way to look at this sequence is by finding the ratio of successive terms:
2/1, 4/2, 8/4, ... Since this ratio is always 2, this is a geometric sequence.