The line above the 3y - 4x does matter; it indicates that the 3y - 4x is to be considered as one group; it means the same thing as if they put parentheses around the 3y - 4x. Putting square parentheses around the 3y - 4x, we get:
5x - [-3x - (-2y + 5x) - (10x - [3y - 4x] ) ]
Work from the inside parentheses out: simplifying the - [3y - 4x]:
5x - [-3x - (-2y + 5x) - (10x - 3y + 4x) ] simplifying the 10x - 3y + 4x:
5x - [-3x - (-2y + 5x) - (14x - 3y) ] simplifying the - (-2y + 5x):
5x - [-3x + 2y - 5x - (14x - 3y) ] simplifying the - (14x - 3y):
5x - [-3x + 2y - 5x - 14x + 3y ] simplifying the -22x + 5y:
5x - [-22x + 5y]
5x + 22x - 5y
27x - 5y